Spain
Government finance and cost-of-living data from Eurostat — spending, debt, tax, and comparative prices.
Headline stats
Debt peaked at 119.3% GDP in 2020 — now 100.7%.
Government debt
100.7% GDP
2025
EU27 avg: 81.7% GDP (2025)
Govt expenditure
45.5% GDP
2024
Budget deficit
2.4% GDP
2025
EU27 avg: 3.1% GDP (2025)
Tax revenue
11.1% GDP
2024
Public sector jobs
4,839k
2024
Tax rates
What Spain takes — statutory rates and effective burden on workers.
Labour tax wedge
22.9% of labour cost
2025
Top income tax rate
47%
2024
Corporate tax rate
25%
2024
Standard VAT rate
21%
2024
Labour tax wedge: effective % of gross labour cost (salary + employer contributions) going to income tax and social contributions for a single person at average wage. Source: Eurostat earn_nt_taxrate. Statutory rates: OECD Taxing Wages 2024 / EC Taxation Trends 2024.
Comparative prices
Spain is 10.3% cheaper than the EU average overall (2024). Index: EU27 = 100.
| Category | Price index | vs EU avg |
|---|---|---|
| Overall price level | 89.7 | -10.3% |
| Food & non-alcoholic drinks | 95.2 | -4.8% |
| Housing, utilities & energy | 96.5 | -3.5% |
| Restaurants & hotels | 83.9 | -16.1% |
| Transport | 87.4 | -12.6% |
| Health | 96.4 | -3.6% |
| Education | 86.3 | -13.7% |
| Clothing & footwear | 90.9 | -9.1% |
| Recreation & culture | 94.2 | -5.8% |
| Alcohol & tobacco | 86.3 | -13.7% |
| Household furnishings | 93.2 | -6.8% |
| Communication | 94.6 | -5.4% |
| Miscellaneous | 89.4 | -10.6% |
Source: Eurostat prc_ppp_ind. EU27_2020 = 100. Green = cheaper than EU average.
Government debt since 2011
| Year | Debt (% GDP) | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2011 | 69.5 | — |
| 2012 | 89.6 | +20.1 |
| 2013 | 100 | +10.4 |
| 2014 | 104.4 | +4.4 |
| 2015 | 102.5 | -1.9 |
| 2016 | 102 | -0.5 |
| 2017 | 101.2 | -0.8 |
| 2018 | 99.8 | -1.4 |
| 2019 | 97.7 | -2.1 |
| 2020 | 119.3 | +21.6 |
| 2021 | 115.7 | -3.6 |
| 2022 | 109.3 | -6.4 |
| 2023 | 105.2 | -4.1 |
| 2024 | 101.6 | -3.6 |
| 2025 | 100.7 | -0.9 |
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Data sources
| Dataset | Source | Coverage |
|---|---|---|
| Govt expenditure / debt / deficit | Eurostat gov_10dd_edpt1 | 1995–2025 |
| Tax revenue | Eurostat gov_10a_taxag | 1995–2025 |
| Public employment (NACE O-Q) | Eurostat nama_10_a64_e | 1995–2024 |
| Tax breakdown (VAT, income, social) | Eurostat gov_10a_taxag | 2000–2023 |
| Labour tax wedge | Eurostat earn_nt_taxrate | 2000–2023 |
| Statutory tax rates (income, corporate, VAT) | OECD / EC Taxation Trends 2024 | 2024 |
| Comparative price levels (13 categories) | Eurostat prc_ppp_ind | 1995–2024 |